Harbin belongs to the mid temperate continental monsoon climate, with brief cool summers and long cold winters. The temperature rises and falls rapidly during the transition season between spring and autumn, with a shorter duration. Spring temperatures are slightly higher than autumn temperatures, earning it the nickname "Ice City Summer Capital". The average temperature in Harbin during summer (June to August) is 22.3 ℃, and during winter (December to February of the following year), the average temperature is -14.6 ℃; The hottest month is July, with an average temperature of 24.7 ℃ and a maximum temperature of 34.1 ℃. There are fewer days with high temperatures.
Southern southwest winds prevail in Harbin during summer, with an average wind speed of 2.9 meters per second and relatively low wind speeds. The maximum wind speeds are all less than 9 meters per second, and there are no extreme strong winds; Southwest winds prevail in winter, with longer periods of cold winds and an average wind speed of 2.8 meters per second; The maximum wind speed occurs in November, with an average wind speed of 3.6 meters per second and a maximum wind speed of 9.8 meters per second.
The average annual precipitation in Harbin is between 494 and 651 millimeters, with precipitation mainly concentrated in July and August. Summer precipitation accounts for 66% of the annual precipitation; Winter precipitation is the least, accounting for about 4% of the annual precipitation. The average annual snow days in the city are generally 110-129 days, with heavy snowfall in winter, with the maximum snowfall exceeding 15 millimeters. The frost free period in Harbin is 145 days. The annual sunshine hours in each county of the city range from 2410 to 2750 hours, showing a distribution pattern of more sunshine in the west and less sunshine in the east.